A System of Systems refers to multiple interconnected systems that work together to address complex problems. These systems are often heterogeneous, meaning they differ in technology, structure and functionality.
Key Characteristics:
- Composed of independent systems that retain their own functionality.
- Operate within networks at various levels.
- Address large-scale interdisciplinary challenges.
- Lack a common management structure, allowing for flexibility.
Examples include transportation networks, healthcare systems and military operations where various subsystems collaborate to achieve shared goals.