A Component is an independent part of a system that performs a specific function. It can integrate with other components to contribute to the overall functionality of the system and is typically designed to be reusable, testable and maintainable. Characteristics include:
Independence:
- Can be tested separately
- Has defined interfaces
Types:
- Software modules
- Hardware units
- Functional subsystems
Attributes:
- Specific functionality
- Defined inputs and outputs
- Reusability potential
Testing Focus:
- Individual component behaviour
- Interface correctness
- Performance within specifications
Importance:
- Facilitates modular development
- Enables parallel testing
- Simplifies system maintenance
Components are building blocks of larger systems.